Спирометрия и другие методы функциональной диагностики: как понять, насколько хорошо работают лёгкие?

How well are your lungs working? A cough, wheeze or shortness of breath may require an assessment of breathing function as well as symptoms. Spirometry measures how much air you breathe out and how quickly. The results must be considered alongside your symptoms and examination; a single measurement does not establish a diagnosis.

When to see a pulmonologist?

A pulmonologist is a doctor who specialises in respiratory conditions. Consider an appointment for a persistent or recurring cough, wheezing, breathlessness during usual activities or symptoms at night. If you already have asthma or another chronic lung condition, the specialist can review symptom control and adjust treatment.

Why see a specialist instead of simply booking a test? Similar symptoms can have different causes. A pulmonologist reviews your medical history, allergies, smoking and other exposures, selects appropriate investigations and explains the findings. Our medical centre in Penza offers pulmonology appointments for both adults and children.

What happens during spirometry?

You take a deep breath and then blow into a mouthpiece as quickly and completely as possible. The manoeuvre is repeated to obtain reliable measurements. When indicated, a bronchodilator test compares results before and after an inhaled medicine. For children, testing depends on their ability to understand and follow the instructions. Normal spirometry does not always rule out asthma, particularly when symptoms are absent.

Other tests your doctor may recommend?

Pulse oximetry estimates blood oxygen saturation, but does not replace spirometry. Lung volume testing provides information about the amount of air the lungs contain. A diffusion capacity test assesses gas transfer from the lungs into the blood. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide testing, or FeNO, can add information about airway inflammation. Your doctor selects the tests that address your symptoms; not everyone needs every investigation.

Preparing for an appointment?

Ask for preparation instructions in advance. Do not stop your inhalers unless instructed by your clinician. Mention recent infections, operations and relevant medical conditions, and bring a medication list and previous test results.

Book a pulmonology appointment in Penza for yourself or your child to discuss symptoms and an appropriate assessment plan. Sudden severe breathlessness, blue lips or severe chest pain require emergency help: call 112 or 103 rather than waiting for a routine appointment.